Skills vs Agents: What's the Difference?

Both skills and agents extend AI capabilities, but they work in fundamentally different ways. Understanding the distinction helps you choose the right approach for your use case.

Quick Comparison

AspectSkillsAgents
What they areInstructions & knowledgeAutonomous systems
ExecutionWithin conversationIndependent processes
Tool accessUses Claude's built-in toolsCustom APIs & integrations
SetupCopy & pasteCode & infrastructure
Best forImproving outputsAutomating workflows

Skills: Enhanced Conversation

Skills enhance what Claude can do within a conversation. They're essentially detailed instructions that help Claude:

  • Produce more accurate outputs for specific tasks
  • Follow consistent formats and best practices
  • Apply domain expertise to your requests
  • Handle edge cases appropriately

Skills are passive—they inform Claude's responses but don't take autonomous action. You're still in control of the conversation.

Example: The "Excel Spreadsheet Creator" skill teaches Claude best practices for creating spreadsheets with proper formulas, formatting, and structure. You still ask Claude to create the spreadsheet—the skill just ensures it's done well.

Agents: Autonomous Action

Agents are autonomous systems that can take actions independently. They typically:

  • Run as separate programs or services
  • Make decisions and execute tasks without human intervention
  • Integrate with external APIs and tools
  • Maintain state across multiple interactions

Agents require more setup (code, infrastructure, API keys) but can automate entire workflows end-to-end.

Example: An email agent might monitor your inbox, categorize messages, draft responses, and send them—all without you being involved in each step.

When to Use Each

Use Skills When...

  • You want better results from Claude conversations
  • You need consistent outputs for repeated tasks
  • You want to leverage domain expertise without coding
  • You're working interactively and want guidance

Use Agents When...

  • You need fully automated workflows
  • Tasks should run without human oversight
  • You require integration with external systems
  • You're building production applications

Can They Work Together?

Absolutely! Many developers use skills within their agents. An agent might use Claude with specific skills loaded to ensure high-quality outputs for certain tasks. Skills make agents smarter, while agents make skills actionable.